Coastal Zone Management is a process for the management of the coast using an integrated approach, regarding all aspects of the coastal zone, including geographical and political boundaries, in an attempt to achieve sustainability. It incorporates all the subjects reflecting the altering character of numerous beachfront territories, from conventional asset-based lifestyles to administration based tourism and recreation lifestyles. The journal provides an Open Access platform devoted to improving coastal zone.

Short waves, defined as waves with periods of less than about 20 s, while long waves, also known as long period oscillations, are oscillations with periods of between 20 and 40 minutes. Water-level variations are oscillations of the water level with periods or recurrence intervals longer than around an hour, such as astronomical tide and storm surge. Wind waves and swell are examples of short waves, while surf beats, harbour resonance, seiches, and tsunamis are examples of long waves. Natural waves can be thought of as a wave field made up of numerous single wave components, each of which has a distinct wave height, period, and propagation direction. Uneven wave fields are those with a wide range of wave heights and durations.

Types of short waves

Short waves are wind-generated waves that move in the direction of the shore. Either the wind is actively pushing them, or they may have already left their generating area. The main energy source feeding the beach is incident waves. They experience processes called refraction and shoaling when they move from deep water to the coast. In shallower water, incident waves become more irregular as they travel from deep ocean. Since the overall energy flux should remain constant while their celerity and wavelength decrease, a rise in wave height must occur while a drop in wavelength.

Wave orbital velocities increase beneath crests relative to troughs as waves move closer to the beach, and the wave shape becomes increasingly distorted with peaked wave crests and longer, rounder wave troughs. Particularly seaward of the wave breakpoint, where there will be a propensity for the incident waves to drive sediment toward the shore, this property is of vital relevance to sediment movement.

The single most crucial factor in coastal morphology is the short waves. According to the type of water region and the predominant wind climate, wave conditions vary greatly from site to site. In the short waves, there are:

• Sea or wind waves, often known as storm waves. These are waves that the nearby wind field has created and affected. It is challenging to detect clearly defined wave fronts because wind waves are typically uneven and directed, high, and relatively steep (high and short). The waves are also known as short-crested waves. Because wind waves induce silt to migrate offshore (as opposed to onshore), creating a generally flat shoreface and a steep foreshore, they are often detrimental to the coastal profile.

• Swell is a term used to describe waves that have been generated by distant wind fields and have travelled across vast distances over deep sea. As a result, their path of propagation may differ from the direction of the nearby wind. Swell waves are typically unidirectional, regular, quite tall, and relatively long. The coastline profile often builds up to a steep shoreface due to swell waves.